Constitutional Law
- Chemerinsky
- 2nd Edition
- ISBN: 073554946X
| Page | Case Name | Citation | Court | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Marbury v. Madison | 5 U.S. 137 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1803 |  Download |
| 14 | United States v. Emerson | 270 F.3d 203 | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, 2001 | Download |
| 19 | Silveira v. Lockyer | 312 F.3d 1052 | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2002 | Download |
| 25 | Ex Parte McCardle | 74 U.S. 506 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1868 | Download |
| 27 | United States v. Klein | 80 U.S. 128 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1871 | Download |
| 32 | Plaut v. Spendthrift Farm, Inc. | 514 U.S. 211 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1995 | Download |
| 35 | Allen v. Wright | 468 U.S. 737 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1984 | Download |
| 42 | City of Los Angeles v. Lyons | 461 U.S. 95 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1983 | Download |
| 43 | Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife | 504 U.S. 555 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1992 | Download |
| 50 | Singleton v. Wulff | 428 U.S. 106 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 | Download |
| 53 | Elk Grove Unified School Dist. v. Newdow | 124 U.S. 2301 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 | Download |
| 58 | United States v. Richardson | 418 U.S. 166 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1974 | Download |
| 61 | Flast v. Cohen | 392 U.S. 83 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1968 | Download |
| 64 | Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc. | 454 U.S. 464 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1982 | Download |
| 69 | Poe v. Ullman | 367 U.S. 497 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1961 | Download |
| 70 | Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner | 387 U.S. 136 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1967 | Download |
| 74 | Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services | 528 U.S. 167 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2000 | Download |
| 76 | United States Parole Commn. v. Geraghty | 445 U.S. 388 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1980 | Download |
| 78 | Baker v. Carr | 369 U.S. 186 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1962 | Download |
| 81 | Vieth v. Jubelirer | 541 U.S. 267 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 | Download |
| 90 | Powell v. McCormack | 395 U.S. 486 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1969 | Download |
| 92 | Goldwater v. Carter | 444 U.S. 996 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1979 | Download |
| 95 | Nixon v. United States | 506 U.S. 224 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1993 | Download |
| 101 | McCulloch v. Maryland | 17 U.S. 316 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1819 | Download |
| 113 | Gibbons v. Ogden | 22 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1824 | Download |
| 117 | United States v. E.C. Knight Co. | 156 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1895 | Download |
| 118 | Carter v. Carter Coal Co. | 298 U.S. 238 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1936 | Download |
| 120 | Houston, East & West Texas Railway Co. v. United States | 234 U.S. 342 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1914 | Download |
| 122 | A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States | 295 U.S. 495 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1935 | Download |
| 125 | Hammer v. Dagenhart | 247 U.S. 251 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1918 | Download |
| 128 | Champion v. Ames (The Lottery Case) | 188 U.S. 321 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1903 | Download |
| 131 | NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. | 301 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1937 | Download |
| 134 | United States v. Darby | 312 U.S. 100 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1941 | Download |
| 136 | Wickard v. Filburn | 317 U.S. 111 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1942 | Download |
| 139 | Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States | 379 U.S. 241 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1964 | Download |
| 141 | Katzenbach v. McClung | 379 U.S. 294 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1964 | Download |
| 145 | National League of Cities v. Usery | 426 U.S. 833 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 | Download |
| 148 | Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority | 469 U.S. 528 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1985 | Download |
| 153 | United States v. Lopez | 514 U.S. 549 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1995 | |
| 170 | Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers | 531 U.S. 159 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 | |
| 175 | Pierce County, Washington v. Guillen | 123 U.S. 720 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 | Download |
| 177 | New York v. United States | 505 U.S. 144 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1992 | |
| 186 | Printz v. United States | 521 U.S. 898 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1997 | Download |
| 195 | Reno v. Condon | 528 U.S. 141 | The Supreme Court of the United States, 2000 | Download |
| 198 | United States v. Butler | 297 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1936 | |
| 201 | Sabri v. United States | 541 U.S. 600 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 | Download |
| 204 | South Dakota v. Dole | 483 U.S. 203 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1987 | Download |
| 209 | United States v. Morrison | 529 U.S. 598 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2000 | Download |
| 212 | Katzenbach v. Morgan | 384 U.S. 641 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1966 | Download |
| 216 | City of Boerne v. Flores | 521 U.S. 507 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1997 | |
| 224 | Fitzpatrick v. Bitzer | 427 U.S. 445 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 | Download |
| 226 | Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida | 517 U.S. 44 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1996 | Download |
| 231 | Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board v. College Savings Bank and United States | 527 U.S. 627 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1999 | |
| 235 | Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents | 120 S. Ct. 631 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2000 | |
| 239 | Board of Trustees, University of Alabama v. Garrett | 531 U.S. 356 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 | |
| 246 | Nevada Department of Human Resources v. Hibbs | 538 U.S. 721 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 | |
| 251 | Tennessee v. Lane | 541 U.S. 509 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 | |
| 258 | Alden v. Maine | 527 U.S. 706 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1999 | |
| 272 | Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer | 343 U.S. 579 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1952 | Download |
| 282 | United States v. Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States | 418 U.S. 683 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1974 | Download |
| 288 | William J. Clinton, President of the United States v. City of New York | 524 U.S. 417 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1998 | Download |
| 294 | Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan | 293 U.S. 388 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1935 | Download |
| 296 | Whitman v. American Trucking Assn., Inc. | 531 U.S. 457 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 | |
| 299 | Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Jagdish Rai Chadha | 462 U.S. 919 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1983 | |
| 307 | Alexia Morrison, Independent Counsel v. Theodore B. Olson | 487 U.S. 654 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1988 | |
| 313 | Myers v. United States | 272 U.S. 52 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1926 | Download |
| 314 | Humphrey's Executor v. United States | 295 U.S. 602 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1935 | Download |
| 315 | Wiener v. United States | 357 U.S. 349 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1958 | Download |
| 317 | Bowsher v. Synar | 478 U.S. 714 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1986 | Download |
| 321 | United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp. | 299 U.S. 304 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1936 | Download |
| 325 | Dames & Moore v. Regan, Secretary of the Treasury | 453 U.S. 654 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1981 | Download |
| 332 | Hamdi v. Rumsfeld | 542 U.S. 507 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 | Download |
| 347 | Ex Parte Quirin | 317 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1942 | |
| 354 | Richard Nixon v. A. Ernest Fitzgerald | 457 U.S. 731 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1982 | Download |
| 357 | William Jefferson Clinton v. Paula Corbin Jones | 520 U.S. 681 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1997 | Download |
| 368 | Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly | 533 U.S. 525 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 | |
| 374 | Florida Lime & Avocado Growers, Inc. v. Paul, Director Dept. of Agriculture of California | 373 U.S. 132 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1963 | Download |
| 375 | Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. State Energy Resources Conservation & Development Commn. | 461 U.S. 190 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1983 | |
| 379 | Hines, Secretary of Labor and Industry of Pennsylvania v. Davidowitz | 312 U.S. 52 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1941 | |
| 382 | H.P. Hood & Sons, Inc. v. Du Mond, Commissioner of Agriculture and Markets of New York | 336 U.S. 529 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1939 | Download |
| 388 | Aaron B. Cooley v. The Board of Wardens of the Port of Philadelphia | 53 U.S. 299 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1851 | Download |
| 390 | South Carolina State Highway Dept. v. Barnwell Brothers, Inc. | 303 U.S. 177 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1938 | Download |
| 391 | Southern Pacific Co. v. Arizona Ex Rel. Sullivan, Attorney General | 325 U.S. 761 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1945 | Download |
| 395 | City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey | 437 U.S. 617 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1978 | Download |
| 397 | C & A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown, New York | 511 U.S. 383 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1994 | |
| 401 | Hughes v. Oklahoma | 441 U.S. 322 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1979 | Download |
| 402 | Hunt, Governor of the State of North Carolina v. Washington State Apple Advertising Comm'n | 432 U.S. 333 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1977 | Download |
| 404 | Exxon Corp. v. Governor of Maryland | 437 U.S. 117 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1978 | |
| 407 | West Lynn Creamery, Inc. v. Healy, Commissioner of Massachusetts Dept. of Food and Agriculture | 512 U.S. 186 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1994 | Download |
| 409 | State of Minnesota v. Clover Leaf Creamery Co. | 449 U.S. 456 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1981 | Download |
| 411 | Dean Milk Co. v. City of Madison, Wisconsin | 340 U.S. 349 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1951 | Download |
| 412 | Maine v. Taylor and United States | 477 U.S. 131 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1986 | Download |
| 415 | Loren J. Pike v. Bruce Church, Inc. | 397 U.S. 137 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1970 | Download |
| 416 | Bibb, Director, Dept. of Public Safety of Illinois v. Navajo Freight Lines, Inc. | 359 U.S. 520 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1959 | Download |
| 418 | Raymond Kassel v. Consolidated Freightways Corp. of Delaware | 455 U.S. 329 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1981 | Download |
| 421 | CTS Corp. v. Dynamics Corp. of America | 481 U.S. 69 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1987 | Download |
| 424 | Western & Southern Life Insurance Co. v. State Board of Equalization of California | 451 U.S. 648 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1981 | Download |
| 426 | Reeves, Inc. v. William Stake | 447 U.S. 429 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1980 | Download |
| 429 | South-Central Timber Development, Inc. v. Commissioner, Dept. of Natural Resources of Alaska | 467 U.S. 82 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1984 | Download |
| 435 | Toomer v. Witsell | 334 U.S. 385 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1948 | Download |
| 436 | United Building and Construction Trades Council of Camden County v. Mayor and Council of the City of Camden | 465 U.S. 208 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1984 | Download |
| 438 | Lester Baldwin v. Fish and Game Commn. of Montana | 436 U.S. 371 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1978 | Download |
| 439 | Supreme Court of New Hampshire v. Kathryn A. Piper | 470 U.S. 274 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1985 | |
| 447 | Barron v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore | 32 U.S. 243 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1833 | Download |
| 449 | Slaughter-House Cases | 83 U.S. 36 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1873 | Download |
| 456 | Saenz v. Roe | 526 U.S. 489 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1999 | Download |
| 458 | Twining v. New Jersey | 211 U.S. 78 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1908 | Download |
| 461 | Adamson v. California | 332 U.S. 46 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1947 | Download |
| 469 | United States v. Stanley | 109 U.S. 3 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1883 | Download |
| 474 | Marsh v. Alabama | 326 U.S. 501 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1946 | Download |
| 476 | Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co. | 419 U.S. 345 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1974 | Download |
| 479 | Terry v. Adams | 345 U.S. 461 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1953 | Download |
| 480 | Evans v. Newton | 382 U.S. 296 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1966 | Download |
| 482 | Amalgamated Food Employees Union Local, 590 v. Logan Valley Plaza, Inc. | 391 U.S. 308 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1968 | Download |
| 484 | Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner | 407 U.S. 551 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1972 | Download |
| 485 | Hudgens v. National Labor Relations Board | 424 U.S. 507 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 | Download |
| 487 | Shelley v. Kraemer | 334 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1948 | Download |
| 490 | Lugar v. Edmondson Oil Co. | 457 U.S. 922 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1982 | Download |
| 493 | Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co. | 500 U.S. 614 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1991 | Download |
| 495 | Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority | 365 U.S. 715 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1961 | Download |
| 497 | Moose Lodge No. 107 v. Irvis | 407 U.S. 163 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1972 | Download |
| 499 | Norwood v. Harrison | 413 U.S. 455 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1973 | Download |
| 501 | Rendell-Baker v. Kohn | 457 U.S. 830 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1982 | |
| 504 | Blum v. Yaretsky | 457 U.S. 991 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1982 | |
| 508 | Reitman v. Mulkey | 387 U.S. 369 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1967 | |
| 512 | Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association | 531 U.S. 288 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 | |
| 524 | Allgeyer v. Louisiana | 165 U.S. 578 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1897 | Download |
| 526 | Lochner v. New York | 198 U.S. 45 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1905 | Download |
| 531 | Coppage v. Kansas | 236 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1915 | Download |
| 534 | Muller v. Oregon | 208 U.S. 412 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1908 | Download |
| 536 | Adkins v. Children's Hospital | 261 U.S. 525 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1923 | Download |
| 537 | Weaver v. Palmer Bros. Co. | 270 U.S. 402 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1926 | Download |
| 539 | Nebbia v. New York | 291 U.S. 502 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1934 | Download |
| 541 | West Coast Hotel v. Parrish | 300 U.S. 379 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1937 | Download |
| 543 | United States v. Carolene Products Co. | 304 U.S. 144 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1938 | Download |
| 545 | Williamson v. Lee Optical of Oklahoma, Inc. | 348 U.S. 483 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1955 | Download |
| 547 | BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore | 517 U.S. 559 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1996 | |
| 551 | State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Campbell | 123 U.S. 1513 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 | |
| 559 | Home Building & Loan Assn. v. Blaisdell | 290 U.S. 398 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1934 | |
| 562 | Energy Reserves Group, Inc. v. Kansas Power & Light Co. | 459 U.S. 400 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1983 | Download |
| 565 | Allied Structural Steel Co. v. Spannaus | 438 U.S. 234 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1978 | |
| 569 | United States Trust Co. v. New Jersey | 431 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1977 | |
| 580 | Miller v. Schoene | 276 U.S. 272 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1928 | Download |
| 610 | Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff | 467 U.S. 229 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1984 | Download |
| 613 | Brown v. Legal Foundation of Washington | 538 U.S. 216 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 | |
| 625 | Romer v. Evans | 517 U.S. 620 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1996 | Download |
| 630 | United States Railroad Retirement Board v. Fritz | 449 U.S. 166 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1980 | |
| 634 | Railway Express Agency, Inc. v. New York | 336 U.S. 106 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1949 | Download |
| 637 | New York City Transit Authority v. Beazer | 440 U.S. 568 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1979 | Download |
| 640 | U.S. Dept. of Agriculture v. Moreno | 413 U.S. 528 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1973 | Download |
| 643 | City of Cleburne, Texas v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc. | 473 U.S. 432 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1985 | Download |
| 649 | Dred Scott v. Sandford | 60 U.S. 393 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1856 | Download |
| 654 | Korematsu v. United States | 323 U.S. 214 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1944 | Download |
| 659 | Loving v. Virginia | 388 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1967 | Download |
| 661 | Palmore v. Sidoti | 466 U.S. 429 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1984 | Download |
| 663 | Plessy v. Ferguson | 163 U.S. 537 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1896 | Download |
| 667 | Brown v. Board of Education (Brown I) | 347 U.S. 483 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1954 | Download |
| 671 | Washington v. Davis | 426 U.S. 229 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 | |
| 680 | City of Mobile v. Bolden | 446 U.S. 55 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1980 | |
| 684 | Palmer v. Thompson | 403 U.S. 217 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1971 | Download |
| 686 | Personnel Administrator of Massachusetts v. Feeney | 442 U.S. 256 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1979 | Download |
| 688 | Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp. | 429 U.S. 252 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1977 | Download |
| 692 | Brown v. Board of Education (Brown II) | 349 U.S. 294 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1955 | Download |
| 697 | Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education | 402 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1971 | |
| 700 | Milliken v. Bradley | 418 U.S. 717 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1974 | Download |
| 703 | Board of Education of Oklahoma City Public Schools v. Dowell | 498 U.S. 237 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1991 | |
| 708 | Richmond v. J.A. Croson Co. | 488 U.S. 469 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1989 | |
| 716 | Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena | 515 U.S. 200 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1995 | Download |
| 722 | Grutter v. Bollinger | 539 U.S. 306 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 | |
| 740 | Gratz v. Bollinger | 539 U.S. 244 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 | Download |
| 748 | Easley v. Cromartie | 532 U.S. 234 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 | |
| 755 | Frontiero v. Richardson | 411 U.S. 677 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1973 | Download |
| 758 | Craig v. Boren | 429 U.S. 190 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 | Download |
| 761 | United States v. Virginia | 518 U.S. 515 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1996 | Download |
| 766 | Geduldig v. Aiello | 417 U.S. 484 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1974 | Download |
| 769 | Orr v. Orr | 440 U.S. 268 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1979 | Download |
| 771 | Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan | 458 U.S. 718 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1982 | |
| 774 | Michael M. v. Superior Court of Sonoma County | 450 U.S. 464 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1981 | |
| 777 | Rostker v. Goldberg | 453 U.S. 57 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1981 | |
| 780 | Califano v. Webster | 430 U.S. 313 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1977 | Download |
| 782 | Nguyen v. Immigration and Naturalization Service | 533 U.S. 53 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 | |
| 790 | Graham v. Richardson | 403 U.S. 365 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1971 | Download |
| 792 | Foley v. Connelie | 435 U.S. 291 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1978 | |
| 795 | Ambach v. Norwick | 441 U.S. 68 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1979 | Download |
| 799 | Plyler v. Doe | 457 U.S. 202 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1982 | |
| 807 | Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia | 427 U.S. 307 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 | |
| 822 | Zablocki v. Redhail | 434 U.S. 374 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1978 | Download |
| 827 | Stanley v. Illinois | 405 U.S. 645 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1972 | Download |
| 829 | Michael H. v. Gerald D. | 491 U.S. 110 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1989 | |
| 835 | Moore v. City of East Cleveland, Ohio | 431 U.S. 494 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1977 | Download |
| 839 | Meyer v. Nebraska | 262 U.S. 390 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1923 | Download |
| 842 | Troxel v. Granville | 530 U.S. 57 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2000 | Download |
| 848 | Buck v. Bell | 274 U.S. 200 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1927 | Download |
| 849 | Skinner v. Oklahoma | 316 U.S. 535 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1942 | Download |
| 856 | Eisenstadt v. Baird | 405 U.S. 438 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1972 | Download |
| 859 | Roe v. Wade | 410 U.S. 113 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1973 | Download |
| 867 | Planned Parenthood v. Casey | 505 U.S. 833 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1992 | |
| 901 | Bellotti v. Baird | 443 U.S. 622 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1979 | |
| 948 | Ball v. James | 451 U.S. 355 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1981 | |
| 985 | Boddie v. Connecticut | 401 U.S. 371 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1971 | |
| 995 | Bounds v. Smith | 430 U.S. 817 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1977 | Download |
| 1021 | Board of Regents v. Roth | 408 U.S. 564 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1972 | Download |
| 1058 | Boos v. Barry | 485 U.S. 312 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1988 | |
| 1090 | Board of Airport Commissioners of the City of Los Angeles v. Jews for Jesus, Inc. | 482 U.S. 569 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1987 | Download |
| 1109 | Alexander v. United States | 509 U.S. 544 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1993 | |
| 1112 | Lovell v. City of Griffin, GA | 303 U.S. 444 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1938 | Download |
| 1156 | Abrams v. United States | 250 U.S. 616 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1919 | |
| 1216 | Ashcroft v. The Free Speech Coalition | 535 U.S. 234 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2002 | |
| 1245 | Ashcroft v. American Civil Liberties Union | 124 S.Ct. 2783 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 | Download |
| 1258 | Bolger v. Youngs Drug Products Corp. | 463 U.S. 60 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1983 | Download |
| 1306 | Bartnicki v. Vopper | 532 U.S. 514 | Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 | |
| 1325 | Buckley v. Valeo | 424 U.S. 1 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 | Download |
| 1343 | Hague v. Committee for Industrial Organization | 307 U.S. 496 | Supreme Court of the United States, 1939 |
| Case Information | Fact Summary | Rule of Law |
|---|---|---|
|
Marbury v. Madison Supreme Court of the United States, 1803 5 U.S. 137 Pg. 2 |
An 1801 Congressional Act (Organic Act) created 42 new federal judgeships called "Justices of the Peace." President Adams appointed several Federalists to these new positions. After the appointees were approved by the Senate, Adams signed the commissions, but the commission was not delivered to William Marbury before President Jefferson entered office. Jefferson's Secretary of State, Madison, refused to deliver Marbury's commission. Marbury sued Madison on a writ of mandamus claim, claiming the Judiciary Act of 1789 - which stated that the U.S. Supreme Court had the authority to issue a writ of mandamus - gave the Court the power to issue the writ and compel Marbury to deliver the commission. | If the Supreme Court identifies a conflict between a Constitutional provision and a Congressional statute, the Court has the authority to declare the statute unconstitutional and to refuse to enforce it. The Constitution is supreme and the Supreme Court has the right to be the final interpreter of it, NOT the legislature. |
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United States v. Emerson United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, 2001 270 F.3d 203 Pg. 14 |
Dr. Timothy Joe Emerson was indicted under a section of the U.S. Code that prohibited any person subject to a restraining order in a domestic violence case from possessing any firearm which was shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce. | We hold, consistent with Miller, that the Second Amendment protects the right of individuals, including those not then actually a member of any militia or engaged in active military service or training, to privately possess and bear their own firearms, such as the pistol involved here, that are suitable as personal, individual weapons. |
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Silveira v. Lockyer United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, 2002 312 F.3d 1052 Pg. 19 |
The State of California enacted amendments to its gun control laws that significantly strengthened the state's restrictions on the possession, use, and transfer of the semi-automatic weapons popularly known as "assault weapons." | The court reaffirmed its conclusion in Hickman v. Block, that it is the collective rights model which provides the best interpretation of the Second Amendment and held that the Second Amendment imposes no limitation on California's ability to enact legislation regulating or prohibiting the possession or use of firearms, including dangerous weapons such as assault weapons. |
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Ex Parte McCardle Supreme Court of the United States, 1868 74 U.S. 506 Pg. 25 |
McCardle was arrested for writing a series of newspaper articles that were highly critical of Reconstruction and military rule in the South following the Civil War. The question of jurisdiction was determined by the Court. | The act of 1868 does not except from that jurisdiction any cases by appeals from Circuit Courts under the act of 1867. It does not affect the jurisdiction which was previously excercised. |
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United States v. Klein Supreme Court of the United States, 1871 80 U.S. 128 Pg. 27 |
In 1863, Congress adopted a statute providing that individuals whose property was seized during the Civil War could recover the property, or compensation for it, upon proof that they had not offered aid or comfort to the enemy during the war. The Supreme Court held that a presidential pardon fulfilled this requirement. In response, Congress adopted a statute providing that a presidential pardon was not evidence in a claim for return of seized property. | The Court held that Congress inadvertantly passed the limit which separates the legislative from the judicial power, and that these powers ought to be kept distinct. |
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Plaut v. Spendthrift Farm, Inc. Supreme Court of the United States, 1995 514 U.S. 211 Pg. 32 |
In 1991, the Court ruled that actions brought under the securities laws had to be brought within one year of discovering the facts giving rise to the violation and three years of the violation. Congress then amended the law to allow cases that were filed before this decision to go forward if they could have been brought under the prior law. | Section 27A(b) contravenes the Constitution's separation of powers to the extent that it requires federal courts to reopen final judgments entered before its enactment. |
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Allen v. Wright Supreme Court of the United States, 1984 468 U.S. 737 Pg. 35 |
Parents of black public school children allege in this nationwide class action that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has not adopted sufficient standards and procedures to fulfill its obligation to deny tax-exempt status to racially discriminatory private schools. They assert that the IRS thereby harms them directly and interferes with the ability of their children to receive an education in desegregated public schools. The issue before us is whether plaintiffs have standing to bring this suit. | The "case or controversy" requirement of Art. III of the Constitution defines with respect to the Judicial Branch the idea of separation of powers on which the Federal Government is founded, and the Art. III doctrine of "standing" has a core constitutional component that a plaintiff must allege personal injury fairly traceable to the defendant's allegedly unlawful conduct and likely to be redressed by the requested relief. The concepts of standing doctrine present questions that must be answered by reference to the Art. III notion that federal courts may exercise power only in the last resort and as a necessity, and only when adjudication is consistent with a system of separated powers and the dispute is one traditionally thought to be capable of resolution through the judicial process. |
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City of Los Angeles v. Lyons Supreme Court of the United States, 1983 461 U.S. 95 Pg. 42 |
Adolph Lyons filed a complaint alleging that four police officers, without provocation or justification, seized him and applied a chokehold rendering him unconscious and causing damage to his larynx. | The case is not rendered moot even though while it was pending in this Court, city police authorities prohibited use of a certain type of chokehold in any circumstances and imposed a 6-month moratorium on the use of another type of chokehold except under circumstances where deadly force was authorized. The moratorium by its terms was not permanent, and thus intervening events have not irrevocably eradicated the effects of the alleged misconduct. |
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Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife Supreme Court of the United States, 1992 504 U.S. 555 Pg. 43 |
The Department of the Interior sought to challenge regulations concerning when the federal government could comply with the Endangered Species Act. Under the regulations, the federal government would comply with the Act only for actions taken in the United States or the high seas. | The Court held that respondents lacked standing to bring this action and that the Court of Appeals erred in denying the summary judgment motion filed by the United States. |
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Singleton v. Wulff Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 428 U.S. 106 Pg. 50 |
This case involves a claim of State's unconstitutional interference with the decision to terminate pregnancy. A Missouri statute excludes abortions that are not "medically indicated" from the purposes for which Medicaid benefits are available to needy persons. The case concerns whether physicians who perform nonmedically indicated abortions, have standing to maintain the suit. | The Court concluded that it is generally appropriate to allow a physician to assert the rights of women patients as against governmental interference with the abortion decision. |
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Elk Grove Unified School Dist. v. Newdow Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 124 U.S. 2301 Pg. 53 |
Petitioner school district requires each elementary school class to recite daily the Pledge of Allegiance. Respondent Newdow's daughter participates in this exercise. Newdow, an atheist, filed suit alleging that, because the Pledge contains the words "under God," it constitutes religious indoctrination of his child in violation of the Establishment and Free Exercise Clauses. | Because California law deprives Newdow of the right to sue as next friend, he lacks prudential standing to challenge the school district's policy in federal court. The standing requirement derives from the constitutional and prudential limits to the powers of an unelected, unrepresentative judiciary. |
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United States v. Richardson Supreme Court of the United States, 1974 418 U.S. 166 Pg. 58 |
The Court granted certiorari to determine whether the respondent has standing to bring an action as a federal taxpayer alleging that certain provisions concerning public reporting of expenditures under the CIA Act of 1949 violate the Constitution. | The acceptance of new categories of judicially cognizable injury has not eliminated the basic principle that to invoke judicial power the claimant must have a "personal stake in the outcome," in short, something more than "generalized grievances. Thus, the Court held that the plaintiff lacked standing to bring this suit. |
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Flast v. Cohen Supreme Court of the United States, 1968 392 U.S. 83 Pg. 61 |
The Court upheld a taxpayer's standing to challenge federal subsidies to parochial schools as violating the First Amendment's prohibition against the establishment of religion. Under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, the federal government provided funds for instruction in secular subjects in parochial schools. | The Court held that the ability of the plaintiff to sue as a taxpayer depends on whether (1) there is a logical nexus between the status asserted and the claim sought to be adjudicated and whether (2) the taxpayer has established a logical nexus between the status and the precise nature of the Constitutional infringement alleged. |
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Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc. Supreme Court of the United States, 1982 454 U.S. 464 Pg. 64 |
The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare conveyed a 77-acre tract of land to Valley Forge Christian College. Americans United for Separation of Church and State brought suit to challenge the conveyance as unconstitutional under the First Amendment Establishment Clause. | Respondents do not have standing, either in their capacity as taxpayers or as citizens, to challenge the conveyance in question. |
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Poe v. Ullman Supreme Court of the United States, 1961 367 U.S. 497 Pg. 69 |
These appeals challenge the constitutionality of Connecticut statutes that prohibit the use of contraceptive devices. | The Court held that the controversy in question did not raise a justiciable question, and therefore declined to adjudicate on the constitutionality of the Connecticut statutes. |
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Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner Supreme Court of the United States, 1967 387 U.S. 136 Pg. 70 |
In 1962, Congress amended the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to require manufactures of prescription drugs to print the "established name" of the drug prominently on labels. The underlying purpose of the amendment was to bring to the attention of doctors and patients the fact that many of the drugs sold under familiar trade names are actually identical to drugs sold under their "established" or less familiar trade names at significantly lower prices. | The Court held that this case presented a controversy ripe for resolution and remanded it to the lower courts for further adjudication. |
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Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services Supreme Court of the United States, 2000 528 U.S. 167 Pg. 74 |
Environmental groups brought a lawsuit pursuant to a citizen suit provision of the Clean Water Act against the holder of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit, alleging that it was violating mercury discharge limits. The plaintiffs sought declaratory and injunctive relief. | A case might become moot if subsequent events made it absolutely clear that the allegedly wrongful behavior could not reasonably be expected to recur. The heavy burden of persuading the court that the challenged conduct cannot reasonably be expected to start up again lies with the party asserting mootness. |
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United States Parole Commn. v. Geraghty Supreme Court of the United States, 1980 445 U.S. 388 Pg. 76 |
A federal prisoner, after twice being denied parole from a federal prison, brought suit challenging the validity of the United States Parole Commission's Parole Release Guidelines. The District Court denied respondent's request for certification of the suit as a class action on behalf of "all federal prisoners who are or who will become eligible for release on parole. | An action brought on behalf of a class does not become moot upon expiration of the named plaintiff's substantive claim, even though class certification has been denied, since the proposed representative of the class retains a "personal stake" in obtaining class certification sufficient to assure that Art. III values are not undermined. |
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Baker v. Carr Supreme Court of the United States, 1962 369 U.S. 186 Pg. 78 |
Tennessee did not reapportion its voting districts for 60 years, resulting in distorted representation, putatively in violation of the US Constitution's guarantee of a "republican form of government to the states. | Political rights can be litigated; they do not per se represented nonjusticiable political questions. For example, a challenge to a state's failure to reapportion voting districts is justiciable. |
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Vieth v. Jubelirer Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 541 U.S. 267 Pg. 81 |
Plaintiffs, registered democrats who vote in Pennsylvania, brought suit seeking to enjoin implementation of Act 1, a redistricting plan passed by republicans. | Political gerrymandering claims are nonjusticiable because no judicially discernible and manageable standards for adjudicating such claims exist. |
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Powell v. McCormack Supreme Court of the United States, 1969 395 U.S. 486 Pg. 90 |
A congressman (Powell) was "excluded" from taking his seat in Congress for misconduct by a simple majority. | Though the power of "expulsion" has been clearly committed to a coordinate branch (Congress), "exclusion" has not. Since Congress required only a simple majority to "exclude" Powell, the question is justiciable. |
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Goldwater v. Carter Supreme Court of the United States, 1979 444 U.S. 996 Pg. 92 |
President Carter rescinded the United State's treaty with Taiwan as part of recognizing the People's Republic of China. Senator Barry Goldwater brought a constitutional challenge arguing that the Senate must rescind a treaty, just as the Senate must ratify the making of a treaty. | The issue presented in this action is a political question and therefore nonjusticiable. |
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Nixon v. United States Supreme Court of the United States, 1993 506 U.S. 224 Pg. 95 |
Walter Nixon asked the Court to decide wether Senate Rule XI, which allows a committee of Senators to hear evidence against an individual who has been impeached and to report that evidence to the full Senate, violates the Impeachment Trial Clause. Nixon was convicted by a jury for making false statements before a federal grand jury. | Nixon's claim that Senate Rule XI violates the Impeachment Trial Clause is nonjusticiable. |
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McCulloch v. Maryland Supreme Court of the United States, 1819 17 U.S. 316 Pg. 101 |
In an attempt to raise revenue, Congress created the Second Bank of the United States. Maryland responded by enacting a law that taxed any bank not chartered by the state. | The Court held that the Constitution grants Congress implied powers to be used in implementing the express enumerated powers and that state action may not impede a valid constitutional exercise of power by the Federal government. |
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Gibbons v. Ogden Supreme Court of the United States, 1824 22 U.S. 1 Pg. 113 |
Defendant had a New York granted monopoly on steamboat operations between New York and New Jersey. Plaintiff began operating like routes, under a license based on a federal Congressional statute. Defendant got a New York injunction forcing plaintiff to stop. | Congress may regulate commerce that has INTERSTATE effects even if the commerce occurs within one state. So, in this case, Congress has the exclusive power, pursuant to the commerce clause, to regulate navigation between the waters of two states. |
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United States v. E.C. Knight Co. Supreme Court of the United States, 1895 156 U.S. 1 Pg. 117 |
The American Sugar Refining Company acquired nearly complete control of the manufacture of refined sugar within the United States. It was charged that this aquisition constituted a combination in restraint of trade and commerce. | The power of Congress to regulate commerce may operate to suppress monopoly whenever it comes within the rules by which commerce is governed, or whenever the transaction is itself a monopoly of commerce. |
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Carter v. Carter Coal Co. Supreme Court of the United States, 1936 298 U.S. 238 Pg. 118 |
This case challenged the constitutional validity of the Bituminous Coal Conservation Act of 1935. The Act, among other things, levied a tax on the production of coal in an effort to conserve it as a national resource. | The Court held that the relations of employer and employee in this case are of local concern and only have a secondary or indirect relationship upon commerce. Therefore, the evils at issue are local evils, which the federal government has no legislative control over. |
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Houston, East & West Texas Railway Co. v. United States Supreme Court of the United States, 1914 234 U.S. 342 Pg. 120 |
The Interstate Commerce Commission found that the interstate class rates out of Shreveport to named Texas points were unreasonable, and it established maximum class rates for this traffic. The objection is that this correction was beyond the Comission's power, because the rates should have been maintained under state authority. | Wherever the interstate and intrastate transactions of carriers are so related that the government of the one involves the control of the other, it is the Congress, and not the state, that is entitled to prescribe the final and dominant rule. |
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A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States Supreme Court of the United States, 1935 295 U.S. 495 Pg. 122 |
Petitioners were convicted on eighteen counts of violating the "Live Poultry Code." The Code required sellers to sell only entire coops or half coops of chickens and regulated employment by requiring collective bargaining, prohibiting child labor, and establishing a 40 hour work week. | As far the poultry here in question is concerned, the flow in interstate commerce had ceased. The poultry had come to a permanent rest within the state. Thus, the poultry was not subject to congressional regulation. |
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Hammer v. Dagenhart Supreme Court of the United States, 1918 247 U.S. 251 Pg. 125 |
Father filed bill to enjoin act of Congress which prohibited the shipment in interstate or foreign commerce any product of a cotton mill situated in the United States, in which within 30 days before the removal of the product children under 14 have been employed, or children between 14 and 16 have been employed more than 8 hours in one day, or more than six days in any week, or between 7 in the evening and 6 in the morning. | The Court rules that the making of goods is not commerce. This ruling is later overruled. |
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Champion v. Ames (The Lottery Case) Supreme Court of the United States, 1903 188 U.S. 321 Pg. 128 |
Congress criminalized the interstate transportation of lottery tickets. | The Power to regulate is the Power to exclude. |
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NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. Supreme Court of the United States, 1937 301 U.S. 1 Pg. 131 |
The National Labor Relations Board found that the respondent had violated the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 by engaging in unfair labor practices affecting commerce. | The Court concluded that the order of the Board was within its competency and that the act is valid as here applied. |
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United States v. Darby Supreme Court of the United States, 1941 312 U.S. 100 Pg. 134 |
Darby was a furniture maker who violated Fair Labor Standards Act, which capped employees' hours and set minimum wages. Defended on grounds that the Act exceeded Congress' Commerce Power. | Regulation of labor conditions for production of goods moving interstate IS within Congress' Commerce Power. |
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Wickard v. Filburn Supreme Court of the United States, 1942 317 U.S. 111 Pg. 136 |
Fulburn only produces wheat for home consumption and to feed his cattle, which are traded on interstate commerce, to make seeds for next year's crops, and sells a bit locally. Court holds that he is bound by Congress' wheat acreage and production allotment even though none of his wheat is sold in interstate commerce. | Congress may regulate a purely local activity if the cumulative effect of such activitiy is that it would have a substantial effect on interstate commerce. |
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Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States Supreme Court of the United States, 1964 379 U.S. 241 Pg. 139 |
The Heart of Atlanta Motel benefited from interstate commerce, but refused to lodge blacks. | Congress has power to regulate motel practices under the Commerce Power, to the extent that those practices impede the free flow of people traveling in interstate commerce. The fact that Congress was also, if not primarily, legislating against a moral wrong, does not undermine its Commerce Power. |
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Katzenbach v. McClung Supreme Court of the United States, 1964 379 U.S. 294 Pg. 141 |
Ollie's Barbecue served blacks in its carry-out window, but refused to seat them, though whites were allowed to dine in. Ollie's Barbecue was not located near an interstate highway, and the majority of its patrons were not travelers in interstate commerce. | Congress' commerce power allows it to forbid non-commercial acts if these acts can be found, if only in the aggregate, to exert a substantial impact on interstate commerce. |
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National League of Cities v. Usery Supreme Court of the United States, 1976 426 U.S. 833 Pg. 145 |
Congress regulated the working conditions (wages, overtime, labor standards) of public employees of the states. | The Court held that insofar as the challenged amendments operate to directly displace the State's freedom to structure integral operations in areas of traditional governmental functions, they are not within the authority granted Congress by Art. I, section 8, cl.3. |
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Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority Supreme Court of the United States, 1985 469 U.S. 528 Pg. 148 |
A Federal District Court concluded that municipal ownership and operation of a mass-transit system is a traditional governmental function and thus, under National League of Cities, is exempt from the obligations imposed by the FLSA. The Court revisited the issues raised in National League of Cities v. Usery, which held that Congress lacked authority to impose the requirements of the Fair Labor Standards Act on state and local governments. | The Court held that in affording SAMTA employees the protection of the wage and hour provisions of the FLSA, Congress contravened no affirmative limit on its power under the Commerce Clause. There is nothing in the overtime and minimum-wage requirements of the FLSA, as applied to SAMTA, that is destructive of state sovereignty or violative of any constitutional provision. The Court also concluded that National League of Cities v. Usery is overruled. |
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United States v. Lopez Supreme Court of the United States, 1995 514 U.S. 549 Pg. 153 |
In the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, Congress made it a federal offense for any individual to knowingly possess a firearm in a school zone. The question is whether the Act exceeds congressional authority. | The Court held that the Act exceeds Congress' Commerce Clause authority. |
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Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Supreme Court of the United States, 2001 531 U.S. 159 Pg. 170 |
Section 404(a) of the Clean Water Act (CWA), regulates the discharge of dredged or fill material into "navigable waters." The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, has interpreted section 404(a) to confer federal authority over an abandoned sand and gravel pit in northern Illinois which provides a habitat for migratory birds. The question is whether section 404(a) may be fairly extended to these waters, and, if so, whether Congress could exercise such authority consistent with the Commerce Clause. | Title 33 CFR section 328.3(a)(3), as clarified and applied to petitioner's site pursuant to the Migratory Bird Rule, exceeds the authority granted to respondents under section 404(a) of the CWA. |
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Pierce County, Washington v. Guillen Supreme Court of the United States, 2003 123 U.S. 720 Pg. 175 |
The Court addressed whether 23 U.S.C. section 409, which protects information "compiled or collected" in connection with certain federal highway safety programs from being discovered or admitted in certain federal or state trials, is a valid exercise of Congress's authority under the Constitution. | This Court lacks jurisdiction to hear the tort portion of the case but has jurisdiction to hear the Public Disclosure Act portion. Certain state-court judgments can be treated as final for jurisdictional purposes even though further proceedings are to take place in the state courts. |
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New York v. United States Supreme Court of the United States, 1992 505 U.S. 144 Pg. 177 |
The Court addressed the constitutionality of three provisions of the Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985. The Act provided three types of incentives to encourage States to comply with their statutory obligation to provide for the disposal of waste generated within their borders. | The Act's monetary incentives and access incentives provisons are consistent with the Constitution's allocation of power between the Federal and State Governments, but the take title provision is not. |
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Printz v. United States Supreme Court of the United States, 1997 521 U.S. 898 Pg. 186 |
Court compelled states to comply with Brady act by committing state resources. | In exercising its commerce power, Congress can not commandeer local functions. |
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Reno v. Condon The Supreme Court of the United States, 2000 528 U.S. 141 Pg. 195 |
The Driver's Privacy Protection Act of 1994 (DPPA), regulates the disclosure of personal information contained in records of state motor vehicle departments. The DPPA establishes a regulatory scheme that restricts the State's ability to disclose a driver's personal information without the driver's consent. South Carolina law conflicts with the DPPA's provisions. | In enacting the DPPA, Congress did not run afoul of the federalism principles enunciated in New York v. United States, and Printz v. United States. The Federal Government correctly asserts that the DPPA is a proper exercise of Congress' authority to regulate interstate commerce under the Commerce Clause, |
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United States v. Butler Supreme Court of the United States, 1936 297 U.S. 1 Pg. 198 |
In this case the Court was left to determine whether certain provisions of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, 1933, conflict with the Constitution. The Act declared that because of a crisis in agricultural production, the Secretary of Agriculture could set limits on production of certain crops and impose taxes on production in excess of these limits. | The Court held that there was no power in Congress to impose the contested exaction, it could not lawfully ratify or confirm what an executive officer had done in that regard. |
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Sabri v. United States Supreme Court of the United States, 2004 541 U.S. 600 |